Human desire to create offsprings with select qualities is ancient thought. We dream of creating the fastest growing plant that will require little water and maintenance, an animal which will give large amounts of milk and meat, and the perfect human who is beautiful, emotional, and intelligent. Genetic engineering brings this dream within the realms of human effort. The benefits of genetic engineering are numerous. While most of the food we eat now comes from hybrids created by generation of breeding, genetic engineering allows for introduction of specific properties such as insect resistance, longer shelf life, and even vaccine-banana that gives immunization from diseases. However, the simple act of driving automobiles around and spewing gases into the atmosphere, resulting in an impending global disaster, questions the maturity of the human race to handle life elements and to understand and respect their limitations. Increased productivity and health through genetic selection in plants and animals is contrasted with selection for the “perfect race” in humans that results in ethnic cleansing and crimes like the Holocaust.
Genetic engineering may be best described as a way to paradise paved with landmines. It is not difficult to imagine terrorist groups creating very potent biological weapons or scientists accidentally creating a virus that may wipe out entire supplies of food. Experiments in somatic embryogenesis, where normal cells are triggered to differentiate into specialized organs, may be good, but just as in any Great Turbulence, it is very important to understand the psychological dimension of scientists, funding agencies, research organizations, and the end users. While stated objectives are always positive, intentions and outcomes need detailed analysis by each person involved. Additionally, it is important to make a shift to the physical and social dimension where the public is positively involved in the transformation processes. |
